At what point did they take the passport from you? Was it at a return date to the fiscal or primarily on arrest? On arrest I doubt they put an impediment on it, the clowns at lock up can hardly read or write and so I very much doubt they managed anything as complicated as a photocopy.
If it was at your first visit to court then you may well have had an impediment put on your passport.
People are speculating on the severity of what you were held for making any difference, but surely an impediment is an impediment, whether for child maintenance, fighting or drug trafficing.
I think you would be nuts to come back here, it is a sh1t hole of a place to have to take any chance on being locked up, even for a few days, if you skipped once they will probably not allow you out this time which means being locked up until a court date is arranged.
You could come in back through Haiti and risk it if you have a child you need to see, but I'd not move far from the border just in case you do need to get out of dodge.
My opinion, find a new Dominican Republic, nothing here that important!