I don't know whether this was covered in the thread that Keith mentioned.
Back in the early 60s, the government decided to enter into an import substitution scheme in order to broaden the "industrial" base in the DR. Previous to this all the industry was owned by the state--basically inherited from the Trujillo regime--hides/tannery, metal working=nails and barbed wire, shoes, molded plastic/rubber boots, salt mining, sugar, some tobacco (La Tabacalera),glass=a monopoly on all rum bottles
, and maybe something else I forgot.
So, in order to provide incentives for the new "industrialists", the government had to allow them to import their raw materials, equipment and so forth, duty-free. But this was a Catch 22. If the govenment didn't get the duties from the imports, where was it going to get the money to function? The answer was the beginning of the death knell for local coffee, cacao, tobacco and sugar crops. The answer was
tax the exports!! , can you believe that? Tax those crops that had kept the DR debt free for nearly 25 years were now going to be taxed.
Growers stopped taking care of the plantations; coffee, and other crops declined, and by the 80s, the DR could not even meet the assigned sugar quota for the US market, and even ended up importing refined sugar!!
Now, with coffee back in style, along with cacao, ther is a major move to improve the plantations and upgrade the crop. This is, in part, what Julia and her husband are trying to do. The head of the JAD, Jos? Antonio Mart?nez is a major cacao grower.
But, there are more flies in the ointment: Like a lot of folks, the coffee and cacao growers like to live well and what has happened is that three or so major exporters, like Munn? for example, have "financed" these growers with the crops mortgaged to guarantee the "financing". So, even before it is harvested, most of the crop is already sold/mortgaged to the Munn?s or the Peraltas (Caf? Santo Domingo). The little bit that is left over is so expensive that it can't compete on the world commodity markets. You can try but you'll take a beating, methinks.
HB