I'm familiar with how to call the DR from the US; but what's the best way to call - let me be specific - from Puerto Plata/Sosua area to NY to a landline.
Just go to any cabina telefonica ! I don't know how much they charge, but I'm pretty sure it's cheaper than other options, except if you have a cell phone with Orange which they charge RD$0.13 pesos per second.
If you have:
1. A US address
2. High speed internet in the DR
Then use a vonage system. Once set up ( and usually can get a deal for free set up from vonage. www.vonage.com or check with major stores ie best buy) it is unlimited calls to anywhere in the US and canada and Puerto Rico for $24.95 a month. We have used it in the DR and in one week had run up over 900 minutes to the US and still had only the 24.95 fee posted to our account for the month.
I must admit that Windeguy ran up most of those minutes. Did not know that he had so many friends in the US.