There are thousands upon thousands of neem trees ("nim" en espa?ol) which were planted all over the Republica in the 60`s and 70`s , and I`ll bet there aren`t three people here , other than maybe Hillbilly or AZB, who can tell you WHY they were planted.
Neem comes from India, another very poor country. The Peace Corps and other similar organizations, planted these neem trees to help the poor here. The neem in India is known as the "Pharmacy Tree", because it provides some of the deepest shade of any tree, tolerates years of drought without any additional water, its' twigs can be used as toothbrushes, and the twigs and leaves have several chemicals present that provide antibacterial activity in the mouth and gums, thereby helping poor people keep their teeth.
Chewing (but not swallowing - that might make one vomit) 10 neem leaves every morning will keep one`s mouth free from infections and gum disease. Indians have been using neem for 5,000 years. And it's FREE. THAT`s why it was brought here to the DR.
Drinking a tea made from its leaves is anti-parasital. Crushed and dampened leaves will treat skin diseases or infections. The bark has similar actions. Oil from its seeds will do many of the same treatments of the skin or for infections.
The leaves are also insecticidal, but do not kill the insects immediately, they instead inhibit the fertility of insects and in time, will wipe them out. Cattle will hover under neem trees for the deep shade and because the flies won't bother them there. The presence of a neem tree will persuade mosquitos to go somewhere else. A neem leaf in standing water will prevent the mosquitos from breeding there.
Yes, they have invasive roots. They do not make good street trees. They DO help reduce air pollution, so a better place for them was in parks and or private yards in a city setting. They will tolerate anything (too dry, too wet, bad soil, good soil, rocky soil, etc) except salty soil - too close to the ocean, or freezing temperatures.
My guess is that the Peace Corps explained all of this to a few dominicanos in the 60`s, who either didn`t listen very well (what's new?) or else didn`t bother to pass on the knowledge. You sure don`t see any neems around that are only 10 years old. San Pedro has several parks with many neems, as do other cities here.
They should be appreciated better, and not just let uneducated people like Roberto blast them as just "introduced, unwanted species". Maybe this should be a new project for the Peace Corps, if they are still active here - educating the next generation of poor dominicans about the good that can come from "trash trees" such as neem.
Palm trees do NOTHING. They do "zip" for air pollution, which is a major and growing problem in Santo Domingo. They generate trash in the form of falling fronds. And they enrich someone to plant them, and maintain them. Neems don?t need any attention, they just grow once planted. Maybe Roberto should pass out 10,000 or 20,000 neem seedlings to people to plant in their yards if he doesn`t want Santo Domingo to turn into Smoggo Domingo.