Columbus

[AlterEgo]

This should prove interesting, especially since there is still the duality of his burials in Spain and in Santo Domingo. No link, copied from a Dominican genealogical page on facebook

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(Computer translation)

And in the end Christopher Columbus was born in...

The results of the DNA reports made to the mortal remains of the popular navigator and the bones found in Poio are already collected in a documentary that TVE intends to broadcast on October 12, Hispanic Day. The result could change the history books

In two weeks, on October 12, Hispanic Day, everything indicates that Televisión Española plans to broadcast the documentary Colón ADN, its true origin, which collects almost two decades of research on the famous "discoverer of America". In this audiovisual piece, directed by Regis Francisco López, the result of the DNA tests carried out on the mortal remains of Christopher Columbus and other evidence, such as the bones located in Poio that could prove their Galician origin, will finally be revealed.

The results of the DNA reports made to the mortal remains of the popular navigator and the bones found in Poio are already collected in a documentary that TVE intends to broadcast on October 12, Hispanic Day. The result could change the history books

In two weeks, on October 12, Hispanic Day, everything indicates that Televisión Española plans to broadcast the documentary Colón ADN, its true origin, which collects almost two decades of research on the famous "discoverer of America". In this audiovisual piece, directed by Regis Francisco López, the result of the DNA tests carried out on the mortal remains of Christopher Columbus and other evidence, such as the bones located in Poio that could prove their Galician origin, will finally be revealed.

All the cartographic history of the province, just one click away

The professor of Forensic Medicine José Antonio Lorente led in 2003 the study of the DNA of the mortal remains of Christopher Columbus, which are kept in Seville. The investigation was carried out a year earlier by historian Marcial Castro. It is assumed that the DNA will allow to decipher this historical enigma, also completed with anthropological, radiological and edaphological analyzes in various parts of the world. Among them, in Poio, where bone remains of who could also be Christopher Columbus were located.

It was necessary to stop the investigation for 16 years, waiting for technology capable of faithfully solving the great doubt. This was because the amount of bone sample that the conservators of the cathedral of Seville could extract was small and in a very advanced state of degradation.

Aware of the value of this genetic material, Professor Lorente's team chose to wait until the technology guaranteed results. The time has come, with machines capable of extracting and purifying DNA from minimal bone and dental remains.

All the pieces were sent to laboratories in Florence and Texas, in addition to Granada, where the remains of the samples extracted in Poio are. No laboratory communicated with another to ensure the scientific validity of the results.

Scientists from the University of Rome and the University of Mexico have also participated in the final reports, contributing their experience in analysis of bone remains.

Now, the documentary Colón ADN, co-produced by Story Producciones and RTVE, in collaboration with the University of Granada, will reveal one of the most coveted unknowns and change the future of some of the localities that dispute the cradle of Colón.

Y al final Cristóbal Colón nació en...

Los resultados de los informes de ADN realizados a los restos mortales del popular navegante y a los huesos hallados en Poio están ya recogidos en un documental que TVE pretende emitir el 12 de octubre, Día de la Hispanidad. El resultado podría cambiar los libros de historia

En dos semanas, el 12 de octubre, Día de la Hispanidad, todo apunta a que Televisión Española tiene previsto emitir el documental Colón ADN, su verdadero origen, que recoge casi dos décadas de investigación sobre el famosísimo "descubridor de América". En esta pieza audiovisual, dirigida por Regis Francisco López, se desvelará por fin el resultado de las pruebas de ADN realizadas a los restos mortales de Cristóbal Colón y a otras evidencias, como los huesos localizados en Poio que podrían demostrar su procedencia gallega.

Los resultados de los informes de ADN realizados a los restos mortales del popular navegante y a los huesos hallados en Poio están ya recogidos en un documental que TVE pretende emitir el 12 de octubre, Día de la Hispanidad. El resultado podría cambiar los libros de historia

En dos semanas, el 12 de octubre, Día de la Hispanidad, todo apunta a que Televisión Española tiene previsto emitir el documental Colón ADN, su verdadero origen, que recoge casi dos décadas de investigación sobre el famosísimo "descubridor de América". En esta pieza audiovisual, dirigida por Regis Francisco López, se desvelará por fin el resultado de las pruebas de ADN realizadas a los restos mortales de Cristóbal Colón y a otras evidencias, como los huesos localizados en Poio que podrían demostrar su procedencia gallega.

Toda la historia cartográfica de la provincia, a solo un clic
El catedrático en Medicina Forense José Antonio Lorente lideró en 2003 el estudio del ADN de los restos mortales de Cristóbal Colón, que se guardan en Sevilla. La investigación fue pomovida un año antes por el historiador Marcial Castro. Se supone que el ADN permitirá descifrar este enigma histórico, completado además con los análisis antropológicos, radiológicos y edafológicos en varios lugares del mundo. Entre ellos, en Poio, donde se localizaron restos óseos de quien también podría ser Cristóbal Colón.

Fue preciso detener la investigación 16 años, en espera de tecnología capaz de resolver fielmente la gran duda. Ello fue así porque la cantidad de muestra ósea que los conservadores de la catedral de Sevilla pudieron extraer era pequeña y en un estado de degradación muy avanzado.

Conscientes del valor de ese material genético, el equipo del profesor Lorente optó por esperar hasta que la tecnología garantizase resultados. El momento ha llegado, con máquinas capaces de extraer y purificar el ADN a partir de restos óseos y dentales mínimos.

Todas las piezas fueron enviadas a laboratorios de Florencia y Texas, además de a Granada, donde están los restos de las muestras extraídas en Poio. Ningún laboratorio se comunicó con otro para asegurar así la validez científica de los resultados.

En los informes finales también han participado científicos de la Universidad de Roma y de la Universidad de México, aportando su experiencia en análisis de restos óseos.

Ahora, el documental Colón ADN, coproducido por Story Producciones y RTVE, en colaboración con la Universidad de Granada, desvelará una de las incógnitas más codiciadas y cambiará el futuro de alguna de las localidades que se disputan la cuna de Colón.

 

[NALs]

I have read on several original sources from long ago that when the cript with the inscription confirming it had Christopher Columbus was discovered in the cathedral years after supposedly they were removed to Cuba (and then Spain), that the actual opening of the box wasn’t done until there were several witnesses, including the ambassadors (or whomever represented the interests of those countries in the DR) of Spain and Italy. When it was open in front of them, the open box fell spilling much of its contents on the floor, including dust and some of the bones. Both ambassadors were among those that helped pick up the mess and put it back in the box, but they also took some of the remains and kept it, eventually sending them back to their respective countries. Hence, the claim of the DR, Spain and to a certain extent Italy that they each are the resting place of Columbus.

If that holds true and Columbus’ remains are spread in 2 continents (or all of it is back in Europe), there is something called a will. Columbus very clear expresses his desire regarding the place he wanted to be buried for perpetuity, Santo Domingo. Not somewhere in Spain, not somewhere in Italy. He also didn’t specify if he wanted all of him to be buried in one place (who the heck thinks their remains will be spread around the world?)

There is also something else the largely exist. Most of the Spanish conquistadors/explorers/founders* of the various places in Latin America were buried and still are in the places they settled. Juan Ponce de León is in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico; Hernán Cortés is in Mexico City; Francisco Pizzaro is in Lima, Peru; Rodrigo de Bastidas is in Santa Marta, Colombia; etc. There is no reason for all the remains of Christopher Columbus to not be in Santo Domingo. He did died in Spain and the main reason María de Toledo took the remains from Spain to Santo Domingo was that will that Christopher Columbus did while alive where it doesn’t leave up to interpretation where in the world he wanted to lay to rest forever (not for hundreds or so years later Spain to completely disregard the will and claim the remains of a man that very clearly didn’t want to be their in death!) Who or what exactly is Spain to disregard the desire expressed by the person whike alive of whom belong the remains?


*Yes, Columbus was Italian well before the Italian state existed, but he did the voyages as a Spaniard along with everyone that accompanied him regardless of their origin because it was the Spanish Monarchy, particularly Queen Isabella, that believed in his then outrageous proposal and put what no other wanted to put, money to make the trip happen.

 

[AlterEgo]

Christopher Columbus’ final official resting place revealed — and researchers say they now know explorer’s ethnicity

By Olivia Land
Published Oct. 11, 2024, 4:11 p.m. ET

Just in time for the long weekend.

Genetic testing has finally confirmed the official resting place of Christopher Columbus, and scientists who announced the discovery say they also now know his ethnic origin — although they aren’t revealing it yet.

The partial set of human remains housed in an elaborate catafalque at the Seville Cathedral in Spain are indeed those of the controversial explorer, forensic medical expert José Antonio Lorente said Thursday.

Lorente and other members of a team of scientists at the University of Granada identified the remains using samples taken from Columbus’s son, Fernando, and one of his brothers.

A view of the mausoleum of Christopher Columbus in the cathedral of Seville.
4
This is now the official mausoleum of Christopher Columbus in Seville, Spain.
REUTERS
Christopher Columbus.
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Christopher Columbus died in 1506 in present-day Spain.
Universal Images Group via Getty Images

“Today, thanks to new technology, the previous partial theory that the remains in Seville are those of Christopher Columbus has been definitively confirmed,” Lorente said at a press conference.

Columbus died in what is now Spain in 1506, but he supposedly wanted to be buried on the island of Hispaniola, which is made up of present-day Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

His remains were said to have been taken there in 1542. All or at least some of them are then believed to have been moved to Cuba in 1795 and then to Seville in 1898, when Spain lost control of Cuba in the Spanish-American War.

Over the past century, experts have debated whether Columbus’ full remains were taken to Seville for his official final resting place or if some or all of them were still unofficially in the DR.

A recent study confirmed that partial remains at a Seville church were those of the famous explorer.

In 1877, an excavation of the Santo Domingo Cathedral in the Dominican Republic had turned up a small lead box of incomplete bone fragments labeled as Columbus’.

Those remains – which are now interred at the so-called Columbus Lighthouse in Santo Domingo Este — also might belong to the explorer, as the set of remains in Seville is incomplete, too, Lorente said.

It wasn’t clear if testing would be done on the remains in the DR.

As for Columbus’ genetic background, the scientist played coy when pressed about what the DNA tests revealed.

Columbus famously sailed for Spain in 1492, but historians have debated whether the original story that he hailed from Genoa, Italy, was actually true.

Over the years, experts have suggested Columbus was actually a Spain Jew or possibly Greek, Basque or Portuguese

Those findings will be shared in a documentary, “Columbus DNA: The True Origin,” which will air on the Spanish national broadcaster TVE on Saturday.

Lorente called the investigation “very complicated” as he teased the final reveal.

“There are some really important results – results that will help us in multiple studies and analyses that should be evaluated by historians,” he said, according to the Guardian.

Columbus is celebrated with a federal holiday in the US on the second Monday of October every year, although not without controversy.

For centuries, he had been credited with “discovering America,” but that description has since been largely debunked by historians who say he made it to the Bahamas and elsewhere in the Caribbean but not what is now known as the US. Critics also say he forced indigenous people to work as slaves and that his travels introduced ravaging diseases to their populations.

Still, some Italian-Americans say his risky explorations opened the door for the settling of the Americas by Europe and should be celebrated as such.

In an attempt to balance both sides, the US now celebrates Indigenous Peoples Day on the same day as Columbus Day.

Christopher Columbus’ final official resting place revealed — and researchers say they now know explorer’s ethnicity

Genetic testing has finally confirmed the official resting place of Christopher Columbus, and scientists who announced the discovery say they also now know his ethnic origin — although they a…

nypost.com

 

[JD Jones]

DNA results? How?

 

[AlterEgo]

Computer translation:

History of the Alcazar de Colón. Emblematious monument of our wonderful Colonial City.

The Alcázar de Colón or Viceregal Palace of Don Diego Colón is a palace located in the Colonial City of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, which was built on a plot near the ramparts that look towards the Ozama River, granted to Diego Colón, firstborn son of the discoverer of America, Christopher Columbus, by King Fernando the Catholic, to build a home for him and his descendants on the island of Hispaniola, to which he arrived in 1509 as governor and where the Alcázar de Colón Museum currently operates.

It was built between 1511 and 1514. The name of the architect who carried out the construction of this fortified palace is unknown. Mostly Mudejar Gothic style, the Alcázar also has some Renaissance features, notorious in its arcades, as well as the Elizabethan style observable in the tassels that adorn it. The building was built using coral rock masonry. Originally the residence had 55 rooms, of which only 22 are preserved.

It was the first fortified palace built in the Hispanic era. Great Spanish conquerors such as Hernán Cortés and Pedro de Alvarado passed through it.

It is the only known residence of a member of the Colón family. Juana, Isabel, Luis and Cristóbal Colón de Toledo, sons of Don Diego Colón and his wife Doña María Álvarez de Toledo, were born in the palace. Diego Colón died in Spain in 1526 but María Álvarez de Toledo, his widow, remained in it until his death in 1549. Three generations of the Colón de Toledo family inhabited it, possibly until 1577.

The ownership of the palace was the subject of litigation for about two centuries from that year. Possibly in 1586 the English pirate Francis Drake, during his invasion and the island of Hispaniola destroyed or took valuables from the old house of Diego Colón.

Eventually it was abandoned and the passage of time began to wreak havoc on the structure of the palace. By 1776 the building was in ruins and it was thought to rebuild it to turn it into a public prison, a project that was not carried out. In 1779 their roofs began to sink. There is evidence that by 1783 the ruins of Diego Colón's house were used to lock up animals. In 1870, to protect its ruins, it was declared a National Monument.

The remodeling it shows today was begun in 1955 and inaugurated on October 12, 1957 on behalf of the Dominican government headed by Trujillo and was carried out by the Spanish architect Javier Barroso.

Photos: Ruins of the Alcazar de Colón from the early 20th century and the Alcazar remodeled in the 1970s. At this time, this important monument is in an intense remodeling process that is estimated to last two years.

Historia Dominicana en Gráficas | Santo Domingo

Historia Dominicana en Gráficas, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. 218,711 likes · 3,117 talking about this · 1 was here. Esta pagina hace un recorrido gráfico por los hechos, sucesos, lugares y...

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[keepcoming]

There was a PBS documentary about Columbus not too long ago. They said he always wanted to be buried in "Hispaniola". His remains were brought to Hispaniola, then to Cuba and back to Spain. This is what is in AE's post so maybe the box does have some of his remains. Not sure how true this all is but the show was interesting.

 

[Sol09]

I always find it fascinating to walk through Zona Colonial and see the preservation of history from hundreds of years back.

 

[Abuela]

In the altar at El Faro, there is casket of Columbus. Has it ever been verified to be a relic or maybe nothing inside? I took this photo a few years ago.

 

[AlterEgo]

In the altar at El Faro, there is casket of Columbus. Has it ever been verified to be a relic or maybe nothing inside? I took this photo a few years ago.

In the article it says it was opened once and there are bones inside. Also says remains in Spain are not complete, so he may be in both places.

 

[JD Jones]

Hmmm.....

Dominican Republic denied access to remains it says belong to Christopher Columbus​

This is what Spanish researchers claim, certifying that the bones studied in Seville belong to the discoverer of America.

República Dominicana negó acceso a restos que dice son de Cristóbal Colón

Así lo afirman investigadores españoles que certifican que huesos estudiados en Sevilla son del descubridor de América

www.diariolibre.com

 

[AlterEgo]

Christopher Columbus was a Sephardic Jew from Western Europe, study finds

By Steven Janowski
Published Oct. 13, 2024, 10:32 a.m. ET

Christopher Columbus wasn’t Italian or even originally Catholic but instead a Sephardic Jew likely from Spain who hid his heritage to avoid persecution, a new genetic study suggests.

A decades-long investigation into the famous controversial explorer’s background and conducted by Spanish scientists was meant to shed light on the lengthy debate over where the 15th century globetrotter was actually born, according to the BBC.

Traditional theories held that Columbus — who was sailing for Spain when he trekked across the Atlantic in 1492, sparking European interest in the Americas — was born in 1451 in Genoa, an independent republic on Italy’s northwest coast.

But many historians questioned that. And new DNA evidence pulled from some of the bones of Columbus’ corpse in Spain’s Seville Cathedral seems to prove them right.

“We have DNA from Christopher Columbus, very partial but sufficient,” forensic expert and investigation leader Miguel Lorente said in a documentary called “Columbus DNA: The true origin,” which aired in Spain on Saturday.

“We have DNA from Hernando Colón, his son. And both in the Y [male] chromosome and in the mitochondrial DNA [from the mother] of Hernando there are traits compatible with Jewish origin,” Lorente said.

Although researchers weren’t positive where Columbus was actually born, they believe it was likely Western Europe, possibly the Spanish city of Valencia.

They believe that Columbus either concealed his Jewish identity or converted to Catholicism to avoid religious persecution.

The findings are based on nearly 22 years’ worth of research that began in 2003, when Lorente, a professor of forensic medicine at Granada University, and historian Marcial Castro exhumed Columbus’ partial remains from the cathedral.

For centuries, countries had argued over his origin, with dozens of conflicting theories that claimed he was born in Poland, Great Britain, Greece, Portugal, Hungary or even Scandinavia.

But those ideas — including the novel thought of a Viking Columbus — appear to have been incorrect.

The DNA-driven results are “almost absolutely reliable,” Lorente said.

The results are consistent with historical records of the era, too, which showed that about 300,000 Jews lived in Spain before Catholic monarchs Isabella and Ferdinand ordered Jews and Muslims to either convert to Catholicism or leave.

Many left, settling in wide swaths of the world instead of giving up their religion.

The word Sephardic comes from Sefarad, or Spain, in Hebrew.

Columbus’ fame stems from his four expeditions to the Americas, trips were backed by Spanish monarchs looking for a new route to Asia.

But he slammed into the Caribbean islands instead, sparking a new era of exploration that led to the settlement and conquest of the New World — as well as the deaths of millions of native peoples who perished because of European diseases and wars with European invaders.

Columbus died in Valladolid, Spain, in 1506 but wished to be buried on the island of Hispaniola, which is shared today the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

His remains were taken there in 1542, then at least some of them moved to Cuba in 1795 and then to Seville in 1898.

Aside from questions about his origin, Columbus’ legacy has been swamped with controversy — mostly stemming from his barbaric treatment of the indigenous people who lived in the Americas before he arrived.

His men cut the hands off natives in Haiti and the Dominican Republic if they failed to provide gold every three months, the Washington Post has said.

His crews also chopped off the legs of native kids who tried to run away and aided in the sex -trafficking 9- and 10-year-old girls.

These new perspectives have changed the way people view the explorer and left many calling for his holiday — celebrated on the second Monday of October — to instead be renamed “Indigenous People’s Day.”

Christopher Columbus was a Sephardic Jew from Western Europe, study finds

The 15th-century explorer Christopher Columbus was a Sephardic Jew from Western Europe, Spanish scientists said on Saturday, after using DNA analysis to tackle a centuries-old mystery.

nypost.com

 

[keepcoming]

"Aside from questions about his origin, Columbus’ legacy has been swamped with controversy — mostly stemming from his barbaric treatment of the indigenous people who lived in the Americas before he arrived.

His men cut the hands off natives in Haiti and the Dominican Republic if they failed to provide gold every three months, the Washington Post has said.

His crews also chopped off the legs of native kids who tried to run away and aided in the sex -trafficking 9- and 10-year-old girls"

Makes one think differently of his legacy.

 

[Notengo]

"Aside from questions about his origin, Columbus’ legacy has been swamped with controversy — mostly stemming from his barbaric treatment of the indigenous people who lived in the Americas before he arrived.

His men cut the hands off natives in Haiti and the Dominican Republic if they failed to provide gold every three months, the Washington Post has said.

His crews also chopped off the legs of native kids who tried to run away and aided in the sex -trafficking 9- and 10-year-old girls"

Makes one think differently of his legacy.

Many explorers of that era had a “bad” history. Some European countries are struggling with the dark history behind their glorious decades and heroes since these facts get more attention nowadays.

 

[NALs]

"Aside from questions about his origin, Columbus’ legacy has been swamped with controversy — mostly stemming from his barbaric treatment of the indigenous people who lived in the Americas before he arrived.

His men cut the hands off natives in Haiti and the Dominican Republic if they failed to provide gold every three months, the Washington Post has said.

His crews also chopped off the legs of native kids who tried to run away and aided in the sex -trafficking 9- and 10-year-old girls"

Makes one think differently of his legacy.

I don’t think so. Every group has 2 sides.

Cannibalism was also widespread particularly among the Caribs (very often the Tainos were the “food” as they would be taken as prisoners every time their villages were raided.) They even kidnapped Taino children to take them to their islands, fatten them to later eat them. The Taino women were also kidnapped to have the children of the Carib men. That’s why Columbus’ et al noticed that simply mentioning the name Caribs to the Taino affected them so much they began to shake.

In Mexico Hernán Cortés beat the Aztecs, but he did it making alliances with rival of the Aztecs indigenous groups who often were the source of many things including the young men that were sacrificed in the pyramids for the Aztec gods (they never went willingly, they were prisoners of war that the Aztec did on their rivals and then basically made them drunk prior to being sent to their death on the pyramids. There are still marks of blood on top of the pyramids. Those aren’t some decoration effect.)

The indigenous groups that made alliances with Cortés received privileges that were denied to the Aztecs et al once the tables were turned.

Cortés lived in what is now the DR for the first 8 years after arriving from Spain, in SD and Azua (when it was a town by the coast, not a few distance inland like now) for the most part. Where did he learn to give different treatment to indigenous groups that showed loyalty to him and be completely different to those that weren’t?

When Columbus reached Samaná for the first time he named Samana Bay as Arrows Bay because it was the first time he was “welcomed” by the natives with many arrows thrown from land to his boats meant to struck the tripulatiom and kill them. The small group of men that he left in La Navidad when he returned a year later all were dead killed some time before. They also found the remains of a few by the Yaque del Norte River. Guacanagarix told him who killed them, another indigenous tribe (who’s name I can’t remember right now.)

Like always, things are more complicated than initially thought. I think whomever think these events had no effect on him and his men are simply denying the fact that any human under those circumstances would have a change of opinion. Someone kills one of your friends and at the least, you will not like that person ever again.