But it's not racism, there is a clear distinction between racism and colorism.
Here are the differences I see between American racism and Dominican colorism:
1. DR: determines an omission dependent on the personal characteristics such as instruction, occupation, etc.
USA: determines an unconditional exclusion to the members of the group regardless of personal characteristics.
2. DR: identification is based on appearance depending on the mixture level, lacks a race consciousness.
USA: identification is based on an inherent original notion of non-white inferiority that makes it impossible for the mix sector to be seen as anything other than part of the inferior race; race consciousness is constantly vivid (creating almost a caste-like situation) in which the racial minority seeks racial solidarity.
3. DR: it?s much more intellectual and aesthetic, impersonal and doesn?t involve the ego or the sense of self in the identity construct. Hence, it?s broken along the notion of beauty and ugliness, very superficial. The intensity of the prejudice varies depending on all the factors of the individuals? appearance, attitude, education level, etc. There is a continuum.
USA: it?s much more emotional, irrational, and integral to the identity of the person. It?s broken along the attribution of genetic inferiority. Prejudice is equally applied to anyone that shows the most minimum signs of having a genetic link to the perceived inferior group; its very adept to creating racial hatred (i.e. Rise of groups like KKK or Black Panther). Due to this, its manifestation is much more conscious (i.e. segregation ? whether implied by law or through habit of people is irrelevant ?). There is an us vs. them attitude.
4. DR: personal relationships, friendships and admiration easily and much more commonly cross the color issue. Hence, when people of different colors marry, no major conflicts arise in the way either of the two (or the offspring) is seen by the community.
USA: strong taboos and negative group sanctions severely restricts (or at the very least creates a permanent tension) relationships between individuals of the two groups. Hence, when people of the different races marry, the white person socially is considered black, may be peyoratively referred to as a ?negrolover? or ?wigger?, and is relegated to the social world of the ?inferior? race.
5. DR: the ideology is assimilating and encourages mixing with the result of homogenizing the population (culturally and in appearance), thus eliminating the extremes.
USA: the ideology is segregationist and racist, with an expectation that the minority group remains isolated and highly concentrated, constituting a social world apart from mainstream society in order to maintain ?racial purity.? Any idea of homogenizing is rejected by both, the white and the black group, due to an entrenched belief that each ?race? needs to be preserved.
6. DR: differences between minority groups occur from the cultural sphere more than racial or color. There is a marked preference for minority groups that are less prone to endogamy and ethnocentrism.
USA: differences between minority groups occur from the racial sphere more than cultural. There is a marked preference for minority groups that are prone to endogamy and ethnocentrism.
7. DR: there is greater emphasis on controlling the behavior of individuals that may practice discrimination in order to protect from humiliation or susceptibility the individuals that could be subjected to discrimination. Hence, everyone is careful to not call someone black, but instead moreno, etc. depending on the continuum.
USA: the emphasis is to control the behavior of the discriminated group in order to appease to the sensibilities of the discriminator. There is greater emphasis on expressing the inequality in the relationship between the two rigidly defined groups. Those catalogued as white have their own culture, behavior pattern, food, music, dress styles, etc. that is differently from those who are catalogued as black; and anyone from one group that crosses into the style of the other is seen as trying to deny or betray their ?race.?
8. DR: on the individual subject to being discriminated, being conscious of the prejudice is intermittent. The person hardly thinks of his color in terms of being part of his identity, it?s simply a feature similar to having black or blonde hair. No further implications.
USA: on the group subject to being discriminated, being conscious of the prejudice is constant and obsessive. The person constantly reaffirms his identity along racial lines; his identity is intimately intertwined with his ?race? to such a degree that it?s (a) a permanent need of auto affirmation, (b) constant defensive attitude, and (c) being very sensitive to any reference, explicitly or implicitly, relating to his ?race.? This last part includes a constant monitoring and judging of the attitudes of those who are part of the ?race,? as well as those who are not; and if there is any inconsistency or discrepancy, it will be brought to everyone?s attention.
9. DR: everything functions on an individual level with demonstrations of attitudes and characteristics (physical beauty, elegance, talent, education, etc) that would increase the social approval of the person.
USA: everything functions as a group. Individual progress is seen as a real conquest of new positions in the name of the group. In every instance the individual has contact with a white person or an institution or public situation, they often feel and take the role of being a representative or ambassador of the entire ?racial? group.
10. DR: social mobility is within reach of the individual and he/she can change different characteristics (education, manners, etc) to make be much more favorable; hence, social-class takes precedence.
USA: the two separate groups (white vs. black) remain rigidly separate from each other, as if they were parallel societies not capable of reconciling. They are almost like two different castes, in constant friction and a relative ease that tensions can rise from the most basic and minute misunderstanding.
11. DR: social-class takes greater importance in restricting the individual, since his characteristics (education, speech pattern, consumption patterns, etc) can override any ?penalty? due to his physical appearance.
USA: the discriminated group acts like a national minority with a constant friction and tension of equalizing status but rejecting homogenizing in order to preserve the ?race.?
In conclusion, Dominican society can't be judge by American parameters. To do so will render you a skewed picture that doesn't correspond with the real workings and nature of Dominican society.