The Haitian Occupation of the Dominican Republic

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mountainannie

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This is some of what had preceded this , on the Haitian side, in 1791

From The Black Jocobin.CLR James. p 87. in the thick forests of Morne Rouge, a mountian overlooking Le Cap.

There Boukman gave the last instructions and, after Voodoo incantations and the sucking of the blood of a stuck pig, he stimulated his followers by a prayer spoken in creole, which like so much spoken on such occasions, has remained. "The god who created the sun which gives us light, who rouses the waves and rules the storm, though hidden in the clouds, he watches us. He sees all that the white man does. The god of the white man inspires him with crime, but our god calls upon us to do good works. Our god who is good to us orders us to revenge our wrongs. He will direct our arms and aid us. Throw away the symbol of the god of the whites who has so ofen caused us to weep, and listen the voice of liberty, which speaks in the hearts of us all,"

The symbol of the god of the whites was the cross which, as Catholics, they wore round their necks.

That very night they began. The salves on the Galiifet palntation were so well treted that "happy as the Negroes of Gallifet waas a slave proberb. Yet By a penemonenon noticed in all revolutions it was they who led the way. Each of the slave gang murded its masters and burtnt the plantaions to the ground..... From Le Cap the whole horizon was a whall of fire,


The slaves destroyed tirelssly,,, They were seeking their salvation in the most obious week, the destrution ow what they knew was the cause of their suffering and if they destroyed much it was because they had sufferd much. They knew that as long as these plantations stood they lot would be to labour on them until they droppped... They whose women had undergone coultless violeations, violted all the women who fell into their hands, often on the bodies of their still bleeding husbands, fathers and brothers, "Vengance! Vengance!" was their war cry, and one of them carried a white child on a pike as a standard.

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Now assuming that there were traders back and froth, can it not be assumed that the planters of Santiago had heard what had happened on the other side? back in 1791? After they could not pay the ransom demanded..would they not have expected attack? Well, no, i guess not. Bit compared to what the former slaves meted out to the women on the french side, the Donas and children were given a swift release here..
 

mountainannie

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James goes on to say

And yet they were surpisingly moderate (footnote, This statement has been criticised. I stand by it. CLR( then and afterwards, far more humane than their masters had been or would ever be to them. They did not maintain their revegeful spirit for long. ... As the revolution gained territory they spared many of the men, women and children whom they surprised on plantaions, To prisoners of war alone they remained merciles. They tore out their flesh with red hot pincers, they roasted them on slow fires, they sawed a carpenter between two of his boards. Yet in all the records of that time there is no single instance of such fiendish tortures as burying white men up to the neck and smearing the holes in their faces to attract insects , or blowing them up with gun powder, or any of the thousand and and one bestialites to which they had been subjected. Compared with whaat their masters had done to them in cold blood, what they did was negligible, and they were spurred on by the ferocity with which the whites in Le Cap treated all slave prisoner who fell into their hands.. p 89/
 

Quisqueya

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Gurabo44,

Can you please provide your resources. I would like to read this book as this story seems interesting. Also one has to remember that the Catholics supported slavery and played an intricate part of political events. Again this was indeed war.
 

K-Mel

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I'd like to have also the references (name of the book, author, and year) for the extracts given by Gurabo44.

It looks like a propaganda ("...los negros...") text to me, I must read it first before having a final opinion.
 

mountainannie

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Since the Spanish colonists had not practiced.. and probably had not witnessed, the form of slavery that had been practiced on the other side of island, they may indeed have been shocked by the vengance laid upon them. The mulattos in Haiti did own slaves, and although many joined the Revolution, indeed became leaders of the Revolution, there was evidently a very different class structure between them.

So,, now.. this was all.. under the French occupation of the island.. which ended with the help of the British and

and the Puerto Ricans under the leadership of General Juan Sanchez Rameriez

Spanish reconquest of Santo Domingo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 

mountainannie

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I'd like to have also the references (name of the book, author, and year) for the extracts given by Gurabo44.

It looks like a propaganda ("...los negros...") text to me, I must read it first before having a final opinion.

I don't want to skip over any sort of back and forth between any of you who want to go on with the occupation and invasion under Dessalines because there really is very little written.. so please carry on..

Just that I also can't get stuck in the bloodshed so let see if we can carry on in a civil mannar.

K mel.. I think that "los negros" would have been a perfectly acceptable term for the slave rebels... and also the Spaniard here would have, most likely, have considered them "savages". I do not think that there is any record of any blacks on this side of the island ever having been treated as wickedly as the blacks were treated by the French.
 

mountainannie

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The battle was fought on November 7, 1808, at Palo Hincado savanna, near El Seibo in the colony of Santo Domingo. A force of 2,000 Spanish Dominican and Puerto Rican troops, led by General Juan S?nchez Ram?rez, defeated a force of 600 troops of French Army of Napoleon, led by Governor General Jean-Louis Ferrand. wiki//

well see, now.. this is the gaping hole.. and probably I am going to have to stay and perhaps ask the group to help.

How many Haitians invaded undered Dessalines? How many French troops were here? How many Dominicans fought?
How many civilians were killed?

Any estimates on the damage? towns burned?

There appears to be no record of this except in the local Spanish records....

So here is a good thesis topic for someone here in SD

I see a BIG GRANT from FUNGLODE being written as we speak

CUNY Dominican Studies Institute
 

Quisqueya

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I'm still waiting the resources/references of these atrocities committed by "esos negros salvajes". I guess for now it is safe to say this falls under "Los cuentitos de mi abuelita". MA, with all due respect, one has to provide references of such detailed atrocities. It would be great read for all especially Haitians in order to reconcile with the Dominicans. Definitely something for the world to know about ironically the Spanish nor the French which owned the place never have accounts or literature of these atrocities but they have many works of them getting their own medicine in Haiti..

Now some things that are scrambling in my mind. The date was 1805 which at that time the Eastern half belonged to the French. Also it scared the hell of the Americans,Spanish,French, and Brits that these slaves/mulattos were coming home to roost. I believe til this day it sends a shiver down the spine of the superpowers that this occurred which we Haitians even at present are paying a high price for. We can sit here all day but we Haitians will see Papa Dessaline as great hero along with Toussaint L'ouverture and Henri Christophe(who by the way is from British Islands) a cocolo in Dominican terminology. Hispaniola would have not have been Martinique and the whole midwest of the USA would still have been French Territory.

Let's just hope that these two countries can get by there differences and cohabitate on the island of Kiskeya,Ayiti Bohio in there respective convictions. Germans invaded France almost stripped them f their language and culture but they are allies. Why can't a product of the atrocities committed by the colonizers come to live in harmony and mutual respect for the advancement of both Haitians and Dominicans?
 

Chip

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Santiago
Also one has to remember that the Catholics supported slavery and played an intricate part of political events. Again this was indeed war.


Please provide your references that Catholics supported slavery in the latter part of the 18th century.
 

Quisqueya

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ARCHIVO DE VETAS: J. J. Dessalines: "Diario"

Invasi?n de Dessalines - Enciclopedia Virtual Dominicana

here are the two best sources that have been posted on the military campaign.

There were evidently 5000 French soldiers left under seige in Santo Domingo, held under blockade by the British when Dessaline withdrew.

MA this is from wiki Dominicana. Abuelita has internet now to write down these atrocities. Where are the accounts by the Spanish and French..after all they were the owners of the land and people. I don't want to undermine this story but where's the references. I'm sure El Pais and Le Monde would have written about this by now..non??
 

cobraboy

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Why can't a product of the atrocities committed by the colonizers come to live in harmony and mutual respect for the advancement of both Haitians and Dominicans?
After hundreds of years, that is a high peak to climb even in the US...

The easy answer is because they don't want to. Look at the Middle East. Perpetual Grievences have gone on for thousands of years with no more solution in sight than in the beginning.

I can only assume some people or groups LIKE it. Gives them a purpose to "be."
 

mountainannie

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Art. 7. Los que lleven estos negros y gente de color a Santo Domingo, para ser vendidos y exportados, estar?n obligados a procurarse, para cada individuo, en el departamento del Ozama, un certificado expedido por las personas notables de Azua, visado por el comandante Ruiz y en el departamento del Cibao un certificado igual del Ayuntamiento de Santiago, visado por el comandante Serapio, en el que se compruebe que esos negros, etc., han sido efectivamente capturados en el territorio ocupado por los sublevados y que formaban parte de ellos.Esos certificados deber?n igualmente ser inscritos en los registros llegados por los notables de Azua o de Santiago, y por cada uno de ellos se pagar?n dos pesos.

Article 7. Those carrying these blacks and people of color to Santo Domingo, to be sold and exported, are required to obtain, for each individual, in the department of the Ozama, a certificate issued by the notables of Azua, endorsed by Commander Ruiz and Cibao in the department a certificate like the City of Santiago, endorsed by the commander Serapio, in which it is found that these blacks, etc.., have been effectively captured in the territory occupied by the rebels and were part of ellos.Esos certificates must also be registered on the notable arrivals by Azua and Santiago, and each will be paid two dollars.
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Orders issued by French commander Ferrand

could not the case be made that the notables of Santiago were not "innocents" but rather collaborators?
 

Naked_Snake

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MA this is from wiki Dominicana. Abuelita has internet now to write down these atrocities. Where are the accounts by the Spanish and French..after all they were the owners of the land and people. I don't want to undermine this story but where's the references. I'm sure El Pais and Le Monde would have written about this by now..non??

Well, the Afro-Trinidadian CLR James (the Black Jacobins), Jean Price-Mars (Le Republique d'Haiti et Le Republique Dominicaine) and Thomas Madiou (Histoire d'Haiti) have the events of the "Campaign of the East" registered on their works. Surely the word of those people should be enough for you not to make a non-issue out of it, isn't it?
 

mountainannie

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MA this is from wiki Dominicana. Abuelita has internet now to write down these atrocities. Where are the accounts by the Spanish and French..after all they were the owners of the land and people. I don't want to undermine this story but where's the references. I'm sure El Pais and Le Monde would have written about this by now..non??

well this is just DR1.. I am figuring that a WIKI DOMINICANA and Virtualal EDU whcih is GOV.DO .. are the best that I willing to do.. I am not gonna scour Le monde..
 

Naked_Snake

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Gurabo444 has referenced the author, "Gaspar de Arredondo y Pichardo" 4 times in this thread alone, how convenient this is ignored. Here is is once again.

Archivo OrbeQuince: Historia de mi salida de la isla de Santo Domingo el 28 de Abril de 1805 | Por Gaspar de Arredondo y Pichardo

According to the first footnote of that page, the manuscript would have remained buried in the library of one of the descendants of that colonist living in Havana, had it not being for the effort of the sons of Jos? Gabriel Garc?a to rescue it. As such, it has as much legitimacy as the accounts of survivors that appear in one of the recent books about those times "Facing Racial Revolution" by Jeremy D. Popkin. As an eyewitness account from a survivor (and for the looks of things, he almost didn't make it), it should be treated as such.
 

AlterEgo

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Gurabo444 has referenced the author, "Gaspar de Arredondo y Pichardo" 4 times in this thread alone, how convenient this is ignored. Here is is once again.

Archivo OrbeQuince: Historia de mi salida de la isla de Santo Domingo el 28 de Abril de 1805 | Por Gaspar de Arredondo y Pichardo

According to the first footnote of that page, the manuscript would have remained buried in the library of one of the descendants of that colonist living in Havana, had it not being for the effort of the sons of Jos? Gabriel Garc?a to rescue it. As such, it has as much legitimacy as the accounts of survivors that appear in one of the recent books about those times "Facing Racial Revolution" by Jeremy D. Popkin. As an eyewitness account from a survivor (and for the looks of things, he almost didn't make it), it should be treated as such.

I agree with Chip and Naked_Snake, source has been given several times. Whether or not some posters like what the source says is immaterial.

Let's move on from this now.
 

Naked_Snake

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I agree with Chip and Naked_Snake, source has been given several times. Whether or not some posters like what the source says is immaterial.

Let's move on from this now.

Thanks, jefa. I'll sum up the situation with what Am?rico Lugo and Fray Cipriano de Utrera have said about historiography here. It runs as: "the tragedy of Dominican history is that, the magnitude of the tragedies that have afflicted the land, and most importantly, the carelessness (which can also be attributed to the illiteracy of the masses) have been such that it, Dominican history, that is, have needed to be written from abroad, so to speak. At the very least, ever since that tragic day in 1586 when Francis Drake and his horde of cutthroats invaded, and the process of massive loss of documents coming from this colony began."
 
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